Gestão educacional na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica: estratégias de permanência e mitigação da evasão no contexto do IFBA.

Abstract

This study analyzes the relationship between educational management, student retention, and school dropout in Vocational and Technological Education (VTE), focusing on the factors associated with dropout and the strategies for student retention and academic success in the context of the Federal Institute of Bahia (IFBA), based on scientific publications produced between 2016 and 2025. The study starts from the understanding that school dropout is a complex and multifactorial phenomenon that goes beyond individual student issues and involves socioeconomic, family, pedagogical, and institutional aspects. In this context, educational management plays a fundamental role in identifying risk factors, monitoring students’ academic trajectories, and developing actions that promote retention and course completion. The study aims to analyze the main factors associated with school dropout and identify, in the literature, management strategies aimed at promoting student retention and academic success in VTE, with emphasis on IFBA. To this end, a qualitative, exploratory approach was adopted, based on a narrative literature review. The bibliographic survey was conducted through the CAPES Journal Portal, considering scientific publications from the defined period related to dropout, student retention, and educational management in VTE. The studies analyzed indicate that learning difficulties, grade retention and academic failure, financial constraints, the need to reconcile work and study, transportation and commuting difficulties, as well as weaknesses in pedagogical and institutional support, are among the main factors associated with dropout. In contrast, the main strategies for addressing the problem include strengthening student assistance programs, monitoring academic trajectories, providing pedagogical and psychosocial support, implementing welcoming and integration initiatives, conducting active outreach to students at risk of dropping out, and promoting continuing education for education professionals. It is concluded that planned, participatory, and evidence-based educational management is essential to address school dropout and strengthen institutional policies for student retention and academic success, contributing to the effective realization of the right to education and to the fulfillment of IFBA’s social mission.