Ruídos em parque eólico: uma análise de metodologia de impactos ambientais cumulativos e estratégias de gestão

Abstract

The Brazilian Northeast has vast wind potential, and in recent years, this activity has experienced significant growth. Specifically in Bahia, the region has stood out as a hub of operation, with a large number of wind turbines installed in its territory. Although wind energy is considered a renewable source, its deployment and operation can entail significant impacts, both on the biodiversity around the projects and on the well-being of neighboring communities. These impacts may arise from a single project or from several, with synergistic or interactive effects that potentiate or create new consequences. In this regard, this research aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the assessment method for cumulative and synergistic noise impacts in a wind farm, as well as to describe the potential cumulative noise impacts on the biotic environment and propose possible improvements. To achieve these objectives, a review of the report used as a basis was conducted, comparing it with existing literature. However, it was not possible to specify or use georeferenced data due to contractual confidentiality issues. After presenting the results of this baseline study, impacts on the community and on the biotic environment that were not addressed in it were described. Additionally, the lack of reference terms, guidelines, and clear definitions also posed a difficulty. It is concluded that the recommendations and proposed improvements can contribute to the analyses conducted by environmental agencies and to the advancement of the academic community by providing metrics and studies that serve as a reference for Cumulative Impact Assessment (CIA).