Dinâmicas territorial e ambiental na Região Extremo-Sul da Bahia: uma coletânea de estudos do Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências e Tecnologias Ambientais IFBA/UFSB

Abstract

The organization of this book was designed to group a series of studies and research results promoted and conducted in the Stricto Sensu Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences and Technologies (PPGCTA), which present a common research overview: the Extreme South region of Bahia and its environmental and territorial issues. The PPGCTA is a graduate program in an associative modality between the Federal University of Southern Bahia (UFSB) and the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Bahia (IFBA), as both institutions are situated and contextualized in the aforementioned region. Therefore, it is an academic proposal aimed at bringing together a diverse set of studies and research on the region, engaging professionals and researchers from various fields. Despite this notable intellectual and educational diversity, it is possible to identify certain academic consonances in the studies promoted by the program, which reveal a collective and coordinated, seeking to analyze social and environmental issues relevant to local contexts, both in the productive and social fields. In the case of the studies gathered here, it is observed that the research has an impressive versatility, simultaneously involving the two central axes: territorial dynamics and environmental dynamics. The focus of the PPGCTA is outlined with the perspective of promoting technical and scientific training in the field of Environmental Sciences and Technologies, being an initiative that is not only interdisciplinary but also multidisciplinary, as the study of these dynamics involves a set of problems of the most varied orders. theoretical and practical, especially in light of territorial dynamics, implying a series of environmental adjustments and mismatches. The pluralistic and diversified nature of the environmental and territorial research presented is also the result of a collective concern among the program's professionals and their partners with a political agenda on Territorial and Environmental Dynamics in the Extreme South Region of Bahia, relevant at the beginning of the 21st century. This establishes a public commitment from these professionals and researchers to be attentive to the movements and transformations in the localities where their institutions are situated. Thus, the PPGCTA research requires this wide range of professionals, promoting a meeting of various areas in their theoretical, methodological, and practical spectrums. From this arises the impetus to problematize, analyze, and seek solutions and answers to local socio-environmental demands, which give rise to the majority of the works presented here. The book is composed of ten chapters, divided into two parts: the first focused on studies that analyze the territorial dynamics of the region; and the second, gathering specific studies on environmental dynamics. The divisions follow this thematic order, highlighting the interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary nature of the works, bringing together professionals and researchers from various specialties: geography, archeology, philosophy, agronomy, chemistry, mathematics, biology, administration, engineering, among others. The titles of the works reflect this multiprofessional nature of the PPGCTA's research. In the organization of the work, the first part brings together studies focused on the territorial dynamics of the region, with chapters that address broader issues, such as the first "Regional integration or territorial reorganization: a reflection on the dynamics of the Extreme South of Bahia," the second "Eucalyptus, environment, and the rural issue in the Extreme South of Bahia," and the fifth "Agricultural expansion and the environment: sugarcane and coffee in Brazil, in Bahia, and in the region of the Extreme South of Bahia." sugarcane and coffee in Brazil, in Bahia, and in the Extreme South of Bahia region,” as well as studies on more specific and localized dynamics, such as the third “Building an analysis of the Vale Verde district in Porto Seguro/BA thru family farming” and the fourth “Bureaucracy and omission: the state legal-administrative regulation in Coroa Vermelha (BA).” In the second part, works on environmental dynamics are grouped, further addressing the thematic variety, with chapters such as the sixth "Water Balance in the Baiana Hileia," and the eighth "Precipitation Volume: A Collection of Studies from the Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences and Technologies IFBA/UFSB in the territorial area of the Baiana Hileia and its municipalities," which discuss the Baiana Hileia, a region of significant climatic importance for the water balance, covering an area of 14,618.700 km², extending from the south of Bahia to the north of Espírito Santo, including 36 municipalities (27 from Bahia and 9 from Espírito Santo). The seventh chapter, "Bioeconomy: a proposal for the sugarcane agro-industrial sector in the Extreme South of Bahia," is also included, which proposes the use of secondary sugarcane bagasse for briquette production. The ninth chapter addresses the "Perspectives of Ethnobotany in Indigenous Communities: Potentialities in the Pataxó Reserve of Jaqueira – Porto Seguro/BA." This section concludes with the tenth chapter, "Land Use and Water Quality."