Antenas aprimoradas para tecnologia 5G na faixa de 3,5GHz: um estudo sobre o uso de cabos coaxiais como elemento estrutural

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the 5G antennas using mathematical modeling and the CST Studio Suite software. The focus is to improve the efficiency in data transmission in this technology, considering the frequency of 3.5 GHz as the target. The study also explores the use of coaxial cables as part of the structure of the antennas and the effect of circular openings on their properties. A detailed analysis of vector networks was performed, considering reflection coefficient, return loss, SWR, VSWR, impedance and admittance, with special attention to the current density. The CST Studio Suite is essential in the modeling and simulation of antennas, highlighting the practical application of the theoretical concepts. The methodology comprises two experimental phases: one exploring different openings and another focused on a selected experiment. The results encompass S Parameter, VSWR, Smith Chart, Radiation Pattern, Axial Ratio and the relationship between length, frequency and VSWR. The current density is evaluated in both contexts. The final considerations emphasize the validation of the antenna in terms of polarization and efficiency, but indicate the need to improve the gain and impedance of the antenna for the 5G technology. For future work, we suggest the improvement of the research on 5G antennas, by changing parameters or the mathematical tools for analysis.