O estatuto ontológico da ficção - da teoria literária às ciências sociais

Abstract

This text investigates how fiction redefines itself based on the pressing issues that forge social reality, affecting its constitution in the literary field and its impact on the social sciences, especially after the linguistic turn of the 1970s. In order to do this, we present a concise review of its ontological status from modernity onwards, seeking to position it within the scope of the social sciences, as well as its new perspectives in the face of the concept of the anthropocene and the non-human ontological turn perpetrated by contemporary anthropology, which questions the fundamental postulates of Western philosophical reason, catalyzing a certain revival of anticipatory narratives. Wolfgang Iser’s aesthetic theory of the reception of reading and Paul Ricœur’s hermeneutics stand out as theoretical contributions. From the dialectic between text and reader, outlined in the work of these authors, fiction is transmuted from a rhetorical figure in literary works to an innovative power for creating and unveiling (new) social realities.