Diagnóstico das interrupções no fornecimento de energia elétrica na Costa do Descobrimento: abordagem FTA no verão de 2023

Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of power supply interruptions in the Costa do Descobrimento region, Bahia, during the summer of 2023, a period characterized by seasonal population growth and increased energy demand. Using data from the Brazilian Electricity Regulatory Agency (ANEEL), statistical analysis techniques were applied with Python to identify temporal patterns and determine the causes of failures. The research revealed that the main factors include overloads, adverse weather conditions, and structural limitations of the electrical system. The findings highlight the predominance of internal failures related to material and equipment issues, as well as environmental factors such as vegetation, corrosion, and lightning strikes. For a more in-depth analysis, the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) methodology was employed, enabling the understanding of causal relationships and the prioritization of critical factors influencing interruptions. Additionally, strategies for modernization and preventive maintenance were proposed, such as the implementation of advanced technologies for real-time monitoring and the reinforcement of electrical infrastructure. These measures aim to enhance system reliability, minimize the socioeconomic impacts of failures, and support tourism, a key activity for the local economy.